Abstract Background Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). hereafter red-wings. are much less frequently parasitized by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in eastern North America than in central North America and had not been recorded as hosts in our study area in southeastern Pennsylvania. Although hosts of Old World cuckoos (Cuculidae) often show geographic variation in e... https://herbsdailyes.shop/product-category/pepitas/