ABSTRACT To address the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in livestock. microbiome-based strategies are increasingly being sought to reduce antimicrobial use. Here. we describe the effects of intranasal application of bacterial therapeutics (BTs) on the bovine respiratory microbiota and used structural equation modeling to investigate the causal networks after BT applicat... https://cascadianaturales.shop/product-category/dog-kibble/